Algerian Journal of Health Sciences
Volume 2, Numéro 2, Pages 34-42
2020-09-02
Androctonus Australis Hector Venom Induced Immuno-allergic Type Response: Comparison With An Experimental Model Of Allergy
Authors : Yousfi-chaïr Imene . Laraba-djebari Fatima . Hammoudi-triki Djelila .
Abstract
Introduction: The physiopathology of scorpion envenoming is very complex, and can induce several perturbations reaching different systems, including nervous, cardiovascular, immune and respiratory systems. Envenoming by Androctonus australis hector (Aah) scorpion is characterized by various symptoms, including pain and cardiovascular and respiratory disturbances. In the most severe cases of envenomation, pulmonary edema could be responsible of death. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out as a comparative analysis of the immuno- inflammatory response of envenomed mice with that of an experimental model of allergy. In a purpose of assessing the damage caused by Aah venom or its components on the respiratory system, we update an allergic model in mice using a pretreatment with ovalbumin (OVA) for a period of 15 days intra-peritoneally and then intra-nasally. On the other hand, three groups of mice were envenomed by the whole Aah venom, its toxic fraction (FtoxG-50), or its non toxic fraction (F1) subcutaneously. Results: The inflammatory response was assessed by evaluating the pulmonary vascular permeability, measuring the levels of IgE in sera, and histo-pathological study of lung parenchyma. Our results showed an enhancement in pulmonary vascular permeability, with important changes in the lung parenchyma, including wall thinking, accompanied with IgE synthesis, observed in mice pretreated with ovalbumin. The same results were obtained with envenomed groups of mice. Conclusion: The inflammatory pattern of the experimental model of allergy was comparable to those of envenomed groups. The scorpion venom may play an important role in mediating inflammatory response allergic type, in activating immune and non-immune cells and mediators that trigger the allergic disorder. Thus, it should be interesting to investigate the properties of venom components, to learn about the mechanisms by which they stimulate effector cells and inflammatory mediators, which could be used in a therapeutic side.
Keywords
Allergy, Experimental model of mice, Ovalbumin, Lung, Scorpion venom
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